ASSOCIATION FOR THE SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT
Muhammed Asadi's Blog

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100128/ap_en_ot/us_obit_zinn/print
Howard Zinn, an author, teacher and political activist whose leftist "A People's History of the United States" sold a million copies and became an alternative to mainstream texts and a favorite of such celebrities as Bruce Springsteen and Ben Affleck, died Wednesday. He was 87.
Zinn died of a heart attack in Santa Monica, Calif., daughter Myla Kabat-Zinn said. The historian was a resident of Auburndale, Mass.
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In 2005 Zinn wrote the afterword to my book "Living By the Sword: The War Addiction of America's Elite."
Commenting on the essay on the Iraq war he wrote:
“M. Asadi's essay on the United States war in Iraq is both passionate in its commitment to human rights and rich in its use of data. It draws skillfully on C. Wright Mills and other scholars to paint a devastating portrait of the war, but also to reflect profoundly on the policies of the United States and their human consequences all over the world.”

Some would argue convincingly that the oppression of women in advanced capitalistic societies is greater than that in classical patriarchal (agricultural) societies. Not only have the roles of women based on sexuality and motherhood been retained in advanced capitalism, marriage has been weakened and sexuality cheapened (thereby logically reducing the status of women in such societies) and equal opportunity has not been created in the job sphere to compensate for that (Hochschild 1983).
Further, women’s oppressors are hidden (unlike patriarchal societies) leading to self blame and invisibility of targets of resistance (Marcuse 1964:32). Also, added to this mix of ultra oppression is the fact of objectification of women (Kilbourne 1999, Marcuse 1964), something unique to capitalist modes of production. The physical veil has been replaced by an implicit personality veil where women are valued based upon sexuality and motherhood only, making everything else about them effectively invisible.
Hochschild, Arlie. 1983 (2003). The Managed Heart. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Kilbourne, Jean. 1999. Deadly Persuasion. New York: The Free Press.
Marcuse, Herbert. 1964. One-Dimensional Man. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Marcuse writes "Hatred and Frustration are deprived of their specific target, and the technological veil conceals the reproduction of inequality and enslavement...the slaves of developed industrial civilization are sublimated slaves but they are slaves, for slavery is determined. This is the pure form of servitude: to exist as an instrument, as a thing" (page320)
What is your position on the comparison between Israel and the Occupied Territories and South Africa under apartheid (as raised during the recent UN convention on racism in Durban)?
I don't think the comparison with South Africa is exactly precise for a number of reasons. Israel proper--pre June `67 Israel, is a fairly lively democracy, Palestinian Arabs do enjoy rights of citizenship (as) second class citizens, it is probably similar to the situation to Blacks in the American South before the civil rights movement. The difference is that in the US South, Blacks did not have the right to vote, but that question is due to numbers, where American Blacks were the majority in several states in the South and that is why they were disenfranchised, whereas Israel's unstated official policy is that they will tolerate a minority of approximately 15%, so long as the Arabs remain around this percentage its OK to give them the right to vote because it won't affect the Jewish majority. In addition to the second-class citizenship of the Israeli Arabs, there is also the occupation in the West Bank and Gaza, and that too is not really comparable to South Africa because I think it is much worse.
Dr David Rabeeya (Iraqi born American rabbi), talks of a caste system in Israeli society, where the Arabs are clearly at the bottom, but also the non European Jews are considered to be of lesser value. He claims that the wholesale importation of Russian Jews was to ensure the demographic majority of secular European Jews over their Sephardic countrymen for generations to come.
There is some truth to that, because a large percentage of the so-called 'Russian Jews' are not Jewish. In recent years, it has been more than 50%, and the reason why is because the Israeli establishment likes the blue eyed, blonde haired Aryan types as a racial group. The Russians look right even if they are not Jewish, and they preserve the Ashkenazi elite's dominance.
The achieved status of a person in any society that ascribes a universal inferior status to a group is always secondary (to such ascribed status) and trumped by it. Ascribed Status of women in the U.S. is based on norms involving motherhood and sexuality based appearance. Identity verification and salience (of women's identity) therefore is based on these two aspects of their role driven personality regardless of what their other achievements might be. Everything else about them effectively becomes invisible or 'veiled' in social consciousness.As the dominant identity marker of social recognition, the ascribed status almost always becomes the person’s Master Status. For example, the ascribed status of African Americans in the U.S. is based on racial definitions of personality and the negative connotations that accompany such categorization. Therefore regardless of the achieved status (for example a PhD) of a Black individual, he or she is still judged as intellectually 'retarded ' (disproportionate channeling of Black students to EMR classes in public schools is a reflection of this) based on the social criteria of membership that describes this oppressed minority group in the U.S. It is for this reason the Blacks that make it to the middle classes but are still treated as the ‘underclass’ (poverty is given a black face in the U.S even though 3/4th of the poor are whites) have to conspicuously display symbols of class success in order to be ‘respected’; this might involve driving a BMW or wearing expensive designer suits, symbols that go much beyond Middle Class income as compensation for a damaged ascribed status.
Similarly, immigrants from non-European countries are assigned a Master Status based on the subordinate status of their countries and the poverty that exists therein. Ascribed status thus serves to categorize people and homogenize them to members of the dominant group. The dominant group sees them in terms of their negative ascribed status (and stereotypes that go with it )and as a result reproduces the inequalities based on race, gender and nationality that exist within the United States on the structural level. Together with this there is organized suspicion about minorities that is culturally reproduced in that every good act and intention by them is interpreted by the dominant group to be a deceptive attack on its privilege. Such divisions of course help the elite and not the overall members of the dominant group whose life-experience is drastically reduced (a narrow life) by such separation and homogenization of self based on false feelings of superiority even though they might get incremental benefits that some have conceptualized as 'white privilege'.
When a member of a devalued master status group attempts to authenticate his or her identity, the one that developed in their home country or family environment, that is the one where they see themselves as an “equal” member of a social group because others see them as “equal”, this leads to anxiety and frustration due to extrinsic ascriptions of inferiority. As Mead (his I and the ME) and Charles Horton Cooley (the ‘looking glass self’) both implied, you view yourself as others have viewed you and identity development follows as a result of such ‘memory images’ of others behavior towards you and your reflexivity based on those memory images. Therefore, whenever an identity fails to be verified through social interaction, it leads to an emotional response of anxiety which leads to emotional management of the kind that tries to bring the discrepant identity in tune with the objective reality outside, the person's actual identity gets displaced by the perceived ascribed social identity. The person with a devalued Master Status therefore inevitably loses his or her self esteem (which is endemic to women and minorities in the U.S.) as he or she devalues himself/herself in order to ‘manage’ the crisis that led to anxiety. This involves replacing the previous ‘self’ with a new identity according to the definitions of the dominant group in a society, a devalued, “inferior” identity. This process is similar to the ‘self fulfilling prophecy’ known to social psychologists as the 'Thomas Theorem'.
However, as Arlie Hochschild elaborates in “The Managed Heart” (1983), based on the "Personality Market” section of C. Wright Mills’ “White Collar” (1951), once an ‘inauthentic’ self replaces the real self due to social forces and emotional management, the person becomes estranged or alienated from themselves. It leads to what Marx defined as alienation, a feeling of normlessness/meaninglessness similar to what Durkheim would define as ‘anomie’. Unchecked alienation leads to pressures for social change through organized social movement formation, if access of the oppressed to adequate resources is potentially available. The elite faced by these conditions, since they benefit from social divisions have undertaken a three pronged effort to diffuse the effects of social alienation produced by a social structure that they command: i) dissipating feelings of alienation through wide scale supply of alcoholic beverages that become part of a culture and its ideal ‘escape mechanism’, ii) atomization of people and lack of their access to resources that prevents organization of social movements and iii) incorporating the symbols of the grieving parties (for example the election of Obama as President to symbolically signify an end to social divisions) without the necessary structural changes that would shift the negative Master Status associated with the oppressed.
Management of alienation, the motor behind social revolutions through class consciousness, is an ‘active’ intervention based manipulation of the power elite.The manifestation of this active intervention involves (using Omi and Winant's (1986) conceptualization) gender, racial and national formations that vary with time.This 'management' of divisive meanings is done for one primary reason in advanced capitalism: If social divisions based on devalued Master Statuses were to fail, the residual anxiety in a capitalistic society would inevitably lead to focused class conflict, which eventually would lead to the downfall of the rule of the many by the few. Preventing this through superfluous social divisions reflected in access to life chances and formation of social relationships, that then become “natural” due to social definition by the elite and its structural translation, is therefore of utmost importance to those that want to maintain inequality in our world.
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